This book is a navigation pilot addressed to seafarers/ Το βιβλίο πιλότος ναυσιπλοΐας παρέχει οδηγίες ναυσιπλοΐας και απευθύνεται στους ναυτικούς. 

This volume argues that the USSR was one of the most successful developing economies of the twentieth century. He reaches this provocative conclusion by recalculating national consumption and using economic, demographic, and computer simulation models to address the "what if" questions central to Soviet history. Moreover, by comparing Soviet performance not only with advanced but with less developed countries, he provides a meaningful context for its evaluation. Although the Russian economy began to develop in the late nineteenth century based on wheat exports, modern economic growth proved elusive. But growth was rapid from 1928 to the 1970s--due to successful Five Year Plans. The building of heavy industry accelerated growth during the 1930s and raised living standards, especially for the many peasants who moved to cities. A sudden drop in fertility due to the education of women and their employment outside the home also facilitated growth.

While highlighting the previously underemphasized achievements of Soviet planning, Farm to Factory also shows, through methodical analysis set in fluid prose, that Stalin's worst excesses--such as the bloody collectivization of agriculture--did little to spur growth. Economic development stagnated after 1970, as vital resources were diverted to the military and as a Soviet leadership lacking in original thought pursued wasteful investments.

The book contains paintings and engravings of the Paradanubian cities during the 18th and 19th century and also, historical and geographical references/ Το βιβλίο περιέχει πίνακες και χαρακτικά των Παραδουνάβιων πόλεων κατά το 18ο και 19ο αιώνα καθώς επίσης και ιστορικά και γεωγραφικά στοιχεία. 

This volume is a comprehensive history of New York's economic elite, the most powerful group in nineteenth-century America. It explains how a small and diverse group of New Yorkers came to wield unprecedented economic, social, and political power from 1850 to the turn of the twentieth century and reveals the central role of the Civil War in realigning New York's economic elite, abandoning the free labor views of the antebellum years for laissez-faire liberalism.

The book covers the economic conditions that have made St. Petersburg the most important commercial city of the Russian Empire in the early centuries of its prosperity and its contribution to the consolidation of the global economy/ Το βιβλίο αναφέρεται στις οικονομικές συνθήκες που κατέστησαν την Αγία Πετρούπολη τη σημαντικότερη εμπορική πόλη της Ρωσικής Αυτοκρατορίας στους πρώτους αιώνες της ακμής της αλλά και της συμβολή της στην εδραίωση της παγκόσμιας οικονομίας. 

Αυτό το βιβλίο εξετάζει την ιστορία των ρωσικών πόλεων μέσω της αναδιάρθρωση της αστικής ζωής στην ύστερη τσαρική περίοδο. Ειδικότερα, εξετάζει τις αλλαγές που συμβαίνουν στην Ευρωπαϊκή Ρωσία στα χρόνια μεταξύ των μεταρρυθμίσεων του Αλεξάνδρου ΙΙ και της Επανάστασης του 1905./This book examines the history of Russian cities through the transformation of urban life in the late tsarist period. Specifically, it looks at the changes under way in European Russia in the decades between the reforms of Alexander II and the Revolution of 1905.

The book describes the circumstances that led to the urbanization of Russia in the early 19th century and the impact of the rise of the bourgeoisie/ Το βιβλίο περιγράφει τις συνθήκες που οδήγησαν στην αστικοποίηση της Ρωσίας στις αρχές του 19ου αιώνα και στις επιπτώσεις της στην άνοδο της αστικής τάξης. 

Russian Empire offers new perspectives on the strategies of imperial rule pursued by rulers, officials, scholars, and subjects of the Russian empire. An international team of scholars explores the connections between Russia’s expansion over vast territories occupied by people of many ethnicities, religions, and political experiences and the evolution of imperial administration and vision. The fresh research reflected in this innovative volume reveals the ways in which the realities of sustaining imperial power in a multiethnic, multiconfessional, scattered, and diffuse environment inspired political imaginaries and set limits on what the state could accomplish. Taken together, these rich essays provide important new frameworks for understanding Russia’s imperial geography of power.

The book contains essays by Empress Catherine for new institutions and rules on trade, including Russia as a rising economic and political power/ Το βιβλίο περιέχει δοκίμια της Αυτοκράτειρας Αικατερίνης για τους νέους θεσμούς και κανόνες στο εμπόριο, περιλαμβάνοντας τη Ρωσία ως ανερχόμενη οικονομική και πολιτική δύναμη. 

This interdisciplinary collection of essays on the social and cultural life of late imperial Russia describes the struggle of new elites to take up a "middle position" in society--between tsar and people. During this period autonomous social and cultural institutions, pluralistic political life, and a dynamic economy all seemed to be emerging. But then diversity had as its price the potential for political disorder and social dissolution. Analyzing the attempt of educated Russians to forge new identities, this book reveals the social, cultural, and regional fragmentation of the times.